Agrometeorology pada Pertanian di Indonesia

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Departemen Antropologi FISIP UI mengadakan kuliah umum yang berjudul “Applied Agrometeorology of Today”pada Senin (28/10) di Auditorium Juwono Sudarsono FISIP UI dengan mengundang Prof. Kees Stigter sebagai pematerinya. Ia adalah profesor emeritus bidang agrikultur dari Wageningen University, Belanda.

Agrometeorologi adalah sebuah ilmu yang melakukan pengaturan dan rekayasa terhadap berbagai sumber daya yang ada seperti air, tanah, dan udara dalam rangka mendukung kegiatan pertanian. Ilmu ini dapat berimplikasi pada meningkatnya taraf hidup petani. Mereka mendapat banyak kemudahan dan peningkatan keuntungan dengan diterapkannya ilmu ini dalam pertanian.

Salah satu bentuk dari agrometeorologi adalah melakukan prediksi terhadap cuaca maupun iklim. Prof. Kees Stigter sebagai contoh, memiliki kelompok tani di Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta yang ia bina. Para petani ini mereka ajak untuk terlibat langsung mengukur curah hujan yang terjadi di daerah tempat mereka bercocok tanam. Setiap hari para petani ini diminta untuk mencatatnya.

Catatan dan hasil pengamatan yang ada kemudian didiskusikan dengan tim pendamping. Berdasarkan dua hal itulah kemudian ditentukan waktu-waktu yang tepat dalam memulai kegiatan pertanian. Contoh lainnya adalah melakukan persiapan terhadap kemungkinan terjadi bencana yang dapat merusak tanaman pertanian.

Selain dasar keilmuan yang bersifat teknis tentang pertanian dan meteorologi, dalam penerapannya, agrometeorologi membutuhkan para ilmuwan sosial, khususnya antropolog. Antropolog inilah yang berperan untuk menjadi mediator antara petani setempat dengan tenaga-tenaga ahli yang ada.

Para antropolog ini pula yang nantinya mengedukasi para petani untuk terus belajar dan melakukan pembiasaan dalam menggunakan teknologi agrometeorologi ini dalam pertanian. Dari pembiasaan-pembiasaan tersebut kemudian lahir suatu budaya pertanian yang baru, yang dalam prosesnya bisa lebih efisien dan efektif. (IRH)

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